What Is IVDD in Dogs?
If you’ve just heard the term “IVDD” from your vet or online, it can sound worrying. Intervertebral Disc Disease in dogs is a condition where the soft discs between the bones in the spine start to wear out or burst, pressing on the spinal cord. This can lead to back pain, unsteady walking, or even paralysis if the damage is severe.
Some breeds are more likely to develop it - especially long-backed dogs like Dachshunds and French Bulldogs - but it can affect almost any dog. The good news is that, with early awareness and the right care, many dogs go on to live active, happy lives.
This guide will walk you through what IVDD actually means, what causes it, and where to find expert advice on symptoms, diagnosis, and recovery.
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How Does IVDD Happen?
IVDD develops when the soft discs that sit between a dog’s vertebrae start to lose their normal cushioning ability. These discs act like shock absorbers for the spine, but over time they can dry out, harden, or tear. When that happens, part of the disc may bulge or burst, pressing against the spinal cord and disrupting the signals that control movement and sensation.
There are two main types of IVDD. Type I usually affects younger dogs of breeds with long backs, like Dachshunds or Corgis, and tends to appear suddenly. Type II is more gradual and is often seen in older or larger dogs as the discs slowly degenerate.
The severity of IVDD depends on how much pressure the disc puts on the spinal cord. Some dogs only experience mild pain, while others can lose the ability to walk. To understand how vets diagnose and grade IVDD, see our full guide on IVDD diagnosis and testing.
What Dogs Are Most at Risk of IVDD?
Any dog can develop Intervertebral Disc Disease, but some are more likely to be affected than others. The condition is especially common in breeds that have long spines and short legs, as this body shape puts extra stress on the discs between the vertebrae. Dachshunds are by far the most frequently diagnosed, but French Bulldogs, Beagles, Cocker Spaniels, and Corgis are also at higher risk.
Genetics aren’t the only factor. Age, excess body weight, and certain lifestyle habits - like frequent jumping from furniture - can all make IVDD more likely. Even dogs with no genetic predisposition can develop disc problems if their spine is repeatedly strained.
While you can’t change your dog’s breed, you can significantly reduce the risk of spinal injuries through simple lifestyle adjustments. Learn how to keep your dog’s back healthy in our full guide on preventing IVDD in dogs.
What Are the Stages of IVDD?
IVDD in dogs can range from mild discomfort to complete paralysis, depending on how much the spinal cord is compressed. Vets usually describe the condition in stages or grades, based on the severity of the symptoms.
In the early stages, a dog might show signs of pain - such as reluctance to move, stiffness, or yelping when picked up. As the condition progresses, coordination starts to decline, leading to wobbliness or dragging of the back legs. In the most severe cases, dogs can lose the ability to walk or feel their hind limbs altogether.
Recognising which stage your dog is in helps vets choose the right treatment plan, whether it’s rest, medication, or surgery. To learn what early and advanced symptoms look like, read our full guide on IVDD symptoms in dogs.
Is IVDD Painful or Life-Threatening?
Yes, IVDD can be painful for dogs - sometimes very painful. When a disc presses on the spinal cord, it can cause intense nerve pain that makes a dog cry out, freeze in place, or avoid being touched. Even in milder cases, dogs may show stiffness, reluctance to move, or an arched back from trying to protect the sore area.
While IVDD itself isn’t automatically life-threatening, it can become serious if left untreated. In severe cases, the pressure on the spinal cord can lead to permanent nerve damage, loss of mobility, or loss of bladder and bowel control. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment give the best chance of recovery and pain relief.
Treatment can range from rest and medication to spinal surgery, depending on how advanced the disease is. Learn more in our detailed guides on conservative IVDD treatment and IVDD surgery in dogs.
Can Dogs Recover from IVDD?
Many dogs can recover from IVDD, especially when the condition is recognised and treated early. The outcome depends on how much damage has been done to the spinal cord and how quickly treatment begins. Some dogs with mild cases may recover fully with strict rest and medication, while others with more severe damage may need surgery followed by months of rehabilitation.
Recovery can take time and patience. Even when mobility doesn’t fully return, many dogs adapt remarkably well and continue to live happy, comfortable lives with the right support and mobility aids.
To learn how physiotherapy, hydrotherapy, and home care can speed up recovery, see our full guide on IVDD rehabilitation in dogs.
What Living with a Dog with IVDD Looks Like
Living with a dog diagnosed with IVDD can feel challenging at first, but with time and the right adjustments, many owners find a new routine that works well for both them and their pets. Dogs with IVDD often need a bit of extra care - things like helping them move safely, avoiding stairs or jumping, and keeping their weight under control. Soft bedding, non-slip floors, and gentle daily routines make a big difference to their comfort.
Many dogs adapt beautifully to life with limited mobility. Some learn to move around using harnesses or wheelchairs, while others regain independence after rehabilitation. What matters most is consistency, patience, and keeping their spirits up.
For practical advice on daily routines, hygiene, and long-term care, explore our full guide on living with a dog with IVDD.
If your dog needs help getting around, our Furria small dog wheelchair is designed to give them comfort, stability, and freedom again.
How to Prevent IVDD
While you can’t always stop IVDD from developing, there’s a lot you can do to lower your dog’s risk. Keeping your dog at a healthy weight is one of the most important steps - extra body fat puts more strain on the spine and increases the chance of disc problems. Regular, low-impact exercise such as short walks and gentle play helps maintain muscle strength and spinal support.
Avoiding unnecessary jumping or rough landings also makes a big difference. Use ramps or steps for getting on and off furniture or into the car, and try to keep your dog’s daily environment safe and slip-free.
Some breeds are naturally more prone to IVDD, so prevention should start early and continue throughout life. Learn the full set of strategies in our detailed guide on how to prevent IVDD in dogs.
FAQs About IVDD in Dogs
Can IVDD go away on its own?
No, IVDD doesn’t go away without treatment. While mild inflammation might improve with rest and medication, the underlying disc damage remains. Without proper care, the problem can return or get worse over time.
How long can a dog live with IVDD?
Most dogs with IVDD can live long, happy lives - the condition itself isn’t fatal. What matters is how well the symptoms are managed. With the right treatment and lifestyle changes, many dogs stay comfortable and active for years after diagnosis.
Can a dog walk again after IVDD?
Yes, many dogs regain their ability to walk, especially if treatment starts early. Recovery depends on how much pressure was put on the spinal cord and how quickly it’s relieved. Rehabilitation and mobility aids can also help dogs regain confidence and movement.
Is IVDD in dogs genetic?
Genetics play a big role. Breeds like Dachshunds, Corgis, and French Bulldogs carry genes that make their discs more likely to degenerate. However, lifestyle factors such as weight and activity level also affect the risk.
Can IVDD come back after treatment?
Yes, dogs that have had IVDD once are more likely to experience it again, especially if several discs are weakened. Preventive care, maintaining a healthy weight, and limiting strain on the back are key to reducing the risk of recurrence.
Should dogs with IVDD use a harness or collar?
A harness is always safer. Collars put pressure on the neck and spine, which can worsen disc issues. A well-fitted harness supports the body more evenly and helps protect the spine from extra strain.
Is IVDD the same as arthritis?
No, they’re different conditions. IVDD affects the discs between the vertebrae, while arthritis affects the joints. However, both can cause stiffness, pain, and reduced mobility, especially in older dogs.
Can physical therapy help dogs with IVDD?
Yes, physiotherapy and hydrotherapy are often part of the recovery process. These treatments help rebuild strength, coordination, and balance while keeping pain under control.
How can I make my home safer for a dog with IVDD?
Keep floors non-slip, use ramps instead of stairs, and make sure your dog has a soft, supportive bed. Preventing jumping and sudden movements can greatly reduce the risk of further injury.
Can IVDD be prevented completely?
Not always, especially in breeds that are genetically prone. But you can lower the risk significantly by keeping your dog fit, managing their weight, and avoiding activities that strain the spine. Learn more in our full guide on how to prevent IVDD in dogs.
Conclusion
Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD) can sound intimidating, but understanding how it works is the first step to helping your dog live comfortably and stay mobile. With early diagnosis, the right treatment, and ongoing care, many dogs go on to live active, happy lives — even after serious spinal injuries.
If your dog struggles to walk, our Furria small dog wheelchair can make a life-changing difference.
You can also visit our Furria mobility store for products designed to support dogs with mobility issues and keep them moving safely.
We focus on helping owners support dogs with mobility and comfort issues.
This article is for informational purposes and should not replace professional veterinary care.
